Puppy Training 101: Essential Commands
Start your puppy off right with these foundational training commands and positive reinforcement techniques.
Dr. James Chen
April 7, 2026
When to Start Training
You can start training your puppy as early as 8 weeks old. Puppies are eager to learn and form habits quickly, so early training is crucial.
The 5 Essential Commands
1. Sit
Hold a treat above your puppy's nose, move it back over their head. As they look up, their bottom naturally lowers. Say "sit" as it happens and reward immediately.
2. Stay
Ask your puppy to sit. Hold your palm out and say "stay." Take one step back. If they stay, reward. Gradually increase distance and duration.
3. Come
The most important safety command. Start in a quiet room. Crouch down, open your arms, and say "come" in an excited voice. Reward generously when they arrive.
4. Down
From a sitting position, hold a treat near your puppy's nose and slowly lower it to the ground. Say "down" as they follow the treat. Reward when elbows touch the ground.
5. Leave It
Place a treat in your closed fist. When your puppy sniffs and stops trying, say "leave it" and reward with a different treat from your other hand.
Golden Rules
- Keep sessions short (5-10 minutes)
- Always use positive reinforcement
- Be consistent with commands
- Practice in different environments
- End on a positive note
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